Numerous entirely non- and -bleached pairs of Montipora capitata growing side by side were permanently tagged on reefs during the 2015 bleaching event in Hawai’i’s Kāneʻohe Bay (Matsuda et al. 2019). Such foresight has facilitated the examination of surviving duos for...
Anecdotes of this illness began to emerge on web forums in the early part of the 2010s whose aetiology was poorly understood, so the author thought it time to implement a literary review with an aim of furthering his previous comprehension. Aquarists have successfully...
From the outset, the author aimed to provide awareness of the molecular mechanisms and exogenous cues that assist the remarkable events that precede and expedite procreative fruition in reef-forming corals, much of which remains an enigma. The previous editorials...
Welcome to the beginning of our delve into the generation of gametes and planulae in reef-forming corals where rigorous spermatogenesis typically commences a month or two prior to procreative fruition, while oogenesis may continue throughout the year (Fig 31.). Some...
Perhaps due to its lethality and a lack of efficacious remedies for reef aquaria, numerous articles exploring the natural history and mitigation of cryptocaryonosis have been authored for the hobbyist. Herein we strive to present the most comprehensive which equips...
A straightforward exploration of the remarkable, albeit somewhat historic, discovery of bacteria that inhabit the cells in the gills of freshwater fish that assist the purification of waste and thus lessen its accumulation in aquaria. But first, essential knowhow for...
Last time we explored the toxicants that lurk in even the most productive of recirculating life support systems, which was so thought-provoking, it prompted extensive re-evaluation of husbandry and system design. See: Part I, Appendix II. Herein we investigate three...
This coral ailment was so devastating to certain scleractinian morphotypes that it not only prompted a national government rescue initiative, but it also forced ecologists to violate one of the canonical golden rules of conservation. Prolonged Noah’s Ark-type...
Although generalized lists of causes and solutions are possibly the least precise when it comes to diagnosis and remediation, the author thought a quick reference guide might prove invaluable. Despite substantiation in peer-reviewed literature and its adherence to...
Corals of the orders Rugosa and Tabulata were replaced by ancient reef-forming (“hard rayed”) Scleractinia around two hundred and fifty million years ago as animals began to inhabit the land, which originated...