I'm under the impression it's KH or carbonate hardness that has acid-binding (buffering) capabilities. GH should be a measure of calcium and magnesium (carbonate??) in solution and is a measured aspect of hardness but not relied upon as a buffer. Sodium Bicarbonate (Arm and Hammer) can be used as a buffering agent. I am hesitant to say whether its the baking soda or the other one because I can't remember....I do believe its soda and not baking pwder?? someone help. Whichever one is sodium bicarbonate...
Yes baking soda to raise KH. Epsom salts to raise GH but that only adds magnesium so a calcium source would also be required. Otherwise Seachem Equilibrium is a very nice way to raise GH, also adds iron and potassium.