There are a few things to take into consideration. How protected are your bulbs from water being splashed on them?
Also, the closer the bulbs are to the surface of the water, the greater the heat from the bulbs will affect the water temperature, and you have to counteract that effect with appropriate cooling fans or a chiller. I've got 3 x 250w HQI MH suspended 8" over my open top 180, and the manufacturer recommends a minumum of 12". I use a 12" fan that blows over 50% of the tank, and that seems to keep the temp pretty much stable, even on hot days.
It's not a simple answer. Depends on the setup.
Mitch