I test the mixed water before the water change. I'd wait at least a few hours to check the tank water after the water change to let everything to equalize.
After mine cycled I tested every day until I felt comfortable that it was steady and then once a week and then once a month. It makes more sense to test before a water change because you want to know the status of your tank not after it has been diluted. But when you are trying to fix a problem then test both before and after to see what you are accomplishing. You just need to give it enough time after the change so that new and old are thoroughly mixed and that depends on how much movement you have.