Very hard to tell from the picture, can we get some more details?
I'm going to guess off-hand that it is a type of barnacle or feather duster. Does it move while the filters are out? Can you see independant feathery parts or are they smooth tentacles? Does it retract into a hole and poke out, but not move actively?
It'll harvest what it can of the proper particle size from the water column. The only thing you can do to feed them is add phytoplankton, but don't worry about it for now. Wait til the tank is done cycling. You will be amazed at how many feather dusters crop up initially.