Q: What Is This Triggerfish? A: Not Sure Yet.

Last week, a number of small and rather unusual triggerfishes were collected from the Philippines, but their exact identity has remained a bit unclear. They were obtained from an obscure oceanic atoll known as Scarborough Shoal and were found swimming amidst numerous...

Is Bigger Better When it Comes to a Protein Skimmer?

Bigger is better when it comes to a protein skimmer, right? Not necessarily. Using a high capacity protein skimmer on a smaller tank can be problematic. Why? Well, using an oversized skimmer will result in an inconsistent performance. Let me explain. To perform optimally a skimmer should be working all the time. An oversized skimmer will tend to skim well for a few days then slow down once all of the organics have been skimmed out. Once the organics build up again the skimmer will spring back into action, and thus perform inconsistently. How do you know whether you have the right size skimmer for the tank? I was always under the assumption that sizing should be based on total gallons in a system so I figured

An Introduction to Protein Skimming

Protein skimmers are one of the most important pieces of equipment for a reef aquarium A protein skimmer is a device designed to clean the water in a reef aquarium by removing dissolved organic compounds. Put even more simply, it is a controlled overflow of dirty water. Imagine a chamber that vigorously mixes air and water to create a dense foam. The cleaning action is because of the tiny bubbles in that foam. The surface tension of the tiny bubbles attracts dissolved organic compounds. As the bubbles slowly rise, a thick foam collects at the top of the skimmer and bubbles over the edge into a collection cup. By removing this foam, the water is cleaned because the dissolved organics are being eliminated before they have an opportunity to pollute the tank. Thick foam, also called skimmate, is the desired product of a well-functioning skimmer Are protein skimmers absolutely necessary?

Corals on Top of Corals

We all know how reefs are built. As years go by and corals grow, their old skeletons and those of other creatures build up and create enormous, intricate structures. What I want to share in this post is some pictures of the process, that show corals on top of...